26 สิงหาคม 2569

Setting the Agenda for a Regional Approach to Respond to Health Risks from Climate-induced Cross-border Migration: A Scoping Review

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26 สิงหาคม 2569

Setting the Agenda for a Regional Approach to Respond to Health Risks from Climate-induced Cross-border Migration: A Scoping Review

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เนื้อหา

Climate change is increasingly reshaping human mobility, with consequences that extend beyond environmental damage into social, economic, and public health domains. As climate hazards intensify through both sudden-onset events (e.g., floods, storms, heatwaves) and slow-onset stressors (e.g., sea-level rise, salinisation, drought) communities can face declining livelihoods and worsening living conditions, increasing the likelihood that migration becomes a necessary coping or adaptation strategy [1]. Small island developing states and low-lying coastal areas are among the most vulnerable, where long-term habitability may be threatened by sea-level rise and more frequent extreme events [2]. In these contexts, migration to nearby countries may increase over time, creating new challenges for receiving health systems and social protection arrangements.

Cross-border climate-related migration can place additional pressure on destination countries through increased demand for essential health services, public health measures, and continuity of care for both acute and chronic conditions. Access is often shaped by practical barriers such as legal status and eligibility rules for health coverage, language and cultural differences, administrative constraints, and limited information which potentially may lead to delayed care or higher reliance on out-of-pocket spending and humanitarian support. Unlike other categories of forced displacement cross-border migration such as refugees and asylum-seekers, climate-induced migrants have no status or legal protections under international law, leaving this population especially vulnerable. These challenges are particularly relevant for The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries*, many of which are highly climate-exposed and deeply connected through labour and regional mobility, meaning they could become both destinations and transit points for climate-related cross-border movement [3,4].

Despite growing attention to climate mobility, there remains limited consolidated evidence especially in ASEAN on how cross-border climate-related migration affects health systems and how countries finance health responses for mobile populations. Additionally, since much of the current focus on climate-induced migration emphasizes internal displacement, there is a knowledge and practice gap for health systems dealing with cross-border migration caused by climate change. There is a need to understand whether existing health financing and coverage arrangements can provide timely access and financial protection for migrants during climate emergencies, in post-disaster recovery periods, and within the overall context of increasing mobility due to climate change.

The aim of this study is to scope and synthesise available evidence on how climate hazards drive cross-border mobility in ASEAN, with a specific focus on health impacts, health system pressures and health financing responses in receiving settings. The review will draw on both ASEAN-specific and global evidence to identify transferable lessons and policy-relevant frameworks for regional preparedness and coordination.

This project builds directly on discussions from the Prince Mahidol Award Conference (PMAC) 2026, including Session 3.3 and the PMAC webinar on Moving Futures: Migration, Labour, and the Health of a Changing Planet. The scoping review will be used to inform future projects involving climate-induced migration in ASEAN.

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